Gate valves are one of the most common types of valves used in industrial and residential piping systems. They are designed to start or stop the flow of liquids and gases, making them essential for controlling fluid movement in pipelines. Unlike other valves that regulate flow, gate valves are primarily used for on/off applications and are not ideal for throttling.
A gate valve operates by lifting a gate (a flat or wedge-shaped disc) out of the path of the fluid. When the valve is fully open, the gate retracts into the valve bonnet, allowing unrestricted flow. When closed, the gate seals against seats in the valve body, preventing flow.
Gate valves are typically actuated by a handwheel, gear, or motorized actuator, making them suitable for both manual and automated systems.
There are several types of gate valves, each designed for specific applications:
Solid Wedge Gate Valve – The most common type, offering a simple and robust design suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
Flexible Wedge Gate Valve – Features a slightly flexible gate to prevent binding due to thermal expansion.
Split Wedge (Parallel Disk) Gate Valve – Uses two separate discs that expand against the seats, making it ideal for handling non-condensing gases and corrosive fluids.
Knife Gate Valve – Designed for thick fluids, slurries, and viscous media, featuring a sharp-edged gate to cut through dense materials.
Slab Gate Valve – Commonly used in the oil and gas industry, particularly for pipeline isolation.
Gate valves are widely used in various industries, including:
Water & Wastewater Treatment – For controlling water flow in distribution systems.
Oil & Gas – In pipelines and refineries for isolation purposes.
Power Plants – For steam and cooling water systems.
Chemical Processing – Handling corrosive and high-purity fluids.
HVAC Systems – For regulating water and air flow.
Minimal Pressure Drop – When fully open, gate valves offer little resistance to flow.
Bi-Directional Flow – Can be used in systems where flow direction may change.
Tight Shut-Off – Provides excellent sealing when closed.
Durable Construction – Suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature environments.
Slow Operation – Not ideal for quick shut-off applications.
Not Suitable for Throttling – Partial opening can cause vibration and seat damage.
Prone to Corrosion & Wear – The gate and seats may degrade over time in harsh conditions.
